Research on Optimization of Inspection Rule Technology for Machined Metal Parts
During the processing of mechanical parts, in order to better ensure the quality of machined metal parts, it is extremely necessary to test the products. This paper introduces the problems existing in the processing of metal parts from the aspects of machining accuracy and stress error, analyzes the problems existing in the inspection methods of the processing quality of metal parts, studies the optimization measures of the inspection technology of machined metal parts, and ensures the quality effect of metal parts processing.
The inspection technology for machining quality of mechanical parts has the characteristics of strong comprehensiveness. The reason is that metal parts have strict design requirements in terms of geometric shape, dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, material performance, heat treatment and surface treatment. Whether the processing and manufacturing process meets the standard technical requirements must be inspected by quality inspectors one by one. For the mechanical processing inspection personnel, they must understand and master the corresponding inspection technology to ensure the smooth implementation of the inspection work and ensure the processing quality.
1. Problems in metal parts processing
1.1 Insufficient machining accuracy of metal parts
Metal parts are very common in all kinds of mechanical equipment. The higher the accuracy of metal parts, the higher the quality of mechanical equipment. Metal parts in mechanical equipment mainly cooperate with mechanical equipment to complete various production work. General mechanical equipment has clear standard requirements for the specification and size of metal parts. If the product quality of mechanical equipment parts can not meet the standard requirements, the use effect of mechanical equipment will also be affected and interfered. When processing metal parts, the most common problem is the lack of accuracy. There are many reasons for the lack of accuracy. For example, when processing metal parts, the measurement data of raw materials are not accurate enough and the parameters are wrong; Or the metal parts are not processed in strict accordance with the standard drawings during processing, which will also lead to substandard quality and poor accuracy of the processed metal parts. If such defective metal documents are applied to machinery, they may interfere with and affect the performance of mechanical equipment, and may also cause accidents and affect the safety of operators. Inadequate accuracy in the processing of metal parts is a very common phenomenon, which is caused by various reasons, such as improper operation of the processing personnel, problems in the tools and machine tools used for processing, external force interference and uneven heating.
1.2 Stress error of metal parts processing system
In the actual processing of metal parts, in order to achieve the processing purpose, a variety of external forces will be used to polish the workpiece. After being squeezed by the external forces, the shape of the workpiece will change until it is finally converted into the shape consistent with the drawing. In this process, the error value is unavoidable. The reason for this is that its stress may be different and not controlled by expectations. For example, the rigidity of metal materials is insufficient, and the material shape changes significantly when processing the materials, and this change is not consistent with the expected, so the overall quality of the parts will be difficult to meet the standard construction requirements, and the construction quality effect will be affected and disturbed. In addition, with the continuous development and progress of science and technology, the processing of metal parts has basically realized automation. Before processing, it is only necessary to import the corresponding parameters into the processing system, and the system can complete the corresponding processing work by itself. However, various faults may also occur during the operation of the system. Once the fault occurs, the system may not operate according to the standards set in the earlier stage, which naturally leads to the occurrence of faults, thus leading to irreversible errors in the processing of metal parts, and the product quality is affected and disturbed.
2. Problems in metal parts processing quality inspection methods
2.1 Single quality detection method
With the support of science and technology, China’s industrial level continues to develop and progress, and all kinds of metal parts used in industrial production have also begun to develop in a diversified direction. In order to ensure the full and effective play of the role of metal parts, it is necessary to strengthen the quality inspection in the production process at ordinary times to find and solve problems in a timely manner. But according to the actual situation, the development level of quality inspection in China has not kept up with the development speed of metal parts processing technology. For example, the production process of some metal parts is complex, and the production involves multiple processes. Therefore, during the implementation of the inspection work, multiple mechanical equipment must be applied simultaneously to successfully complete the inspection work. In this case, the inspection equipment is too simple to effectively meet the inspection requirements. At the same time, many inspectors have not paid enough attention to the parameters and precision inspection of the inspection equipment during the inspection period, and have not paid enough attention to the safety and reliability of the mechanical equipment itself. They have not found all kinds of problems in time, and the treatment effect is poor, which has seriously affected the quality and effect of the inspection.
2.2 Lack of standardization in management, supervision and testing
In order to improve production efficiency and give full play to the role and value of metal parts, at present, metal parts in China are generally put into use after processing, although this working mode is efficient and convenient. However, there are many problems and deficiencies in the actual application process. Because of the influence of multiple factors such as process technology, materials and processing methods, there may be quality problems in the production process of parts. There are defective parts, and some defects are obvious. This kind of damaged metal parts will usually be scrapped directly, but there are also many parts with relatively small defects, which are difficult to be effectively observed by the naked eye only. It is necessary to go through professional inspection and analysis to find the defects. After the parts are produced, they are directly put into use, eliminating the detection link, which is easy to cause the defective parts to be mixed into the intact parts and put into production, And then affect the overall quality effect of the product. In addition, during the inspection of machined metal parts, some of the inspectors have low comprehensive quality, lack deep understanding of the importance of the inspection work, perfunctory in the inspection, and fail to find and solve problems in a timely manner.
2.3 The relevant management system is not perfect
The orderly implementation of metal parts quality inspection work must have a complete set of management system, so that any problems and deficiencies in the work can be dealt with immediately to ensure the high-quality implementation of the inspection work. However, considering the actual situation, there is a problem of imperfect system in the implementation of the current part quality inspection work. Take the quality inspection organization as an example, some of the non-quality inspection departments do not fully recognize the importance of quality inspection, and think that the work is not relevant to themselves, the enthusiasm for participation is relatively poor, the work formalism is strong, and their functions are not fully played, The lack of supervision responsibility during the implementation of supervision also has a very adverse impact on the detection work.
3. Optimization measures for inspection technology of machined metal parts
3.1 Reasonable selection of testing tools
For different types of machined metal parts, there are also obvious differences in the methods used in the detection, and the detection tools are different. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the inspection and find the quality problems of metal parts more efficiently and quickly, it is necessary to be careful when selecting the inspection tool. It is necessary to make clear which inspection tool is the most suitable and accurately grasp the inspection problem. At the same time, detection problems may be difficult to find in a timely and rapid manner. For some precision instruments, due to the cumbersome procedures involved, multiple instruments need to be used during detection, so the detection time may be relatively long. In order to ensure the detection effect and effectively solve various detection problems, it is necessary to have sufficient patience and care, apply various detection tools, and do a good job of basic data recording, In this way, even the quality problems in the later stage can be solved more efficiently. At the same time, in view of some complex problems, we should select appropriate tools to carry out the measurement work in combination with the actual situation of the parts, the measurement environment, location and occasions, and solve various problems encountered during the measurement. At the same time, the design drawings of metal parts shall be checked and analyzed during the measurement to ensure that the size, shape and performance of the parts are thoroughly understood and analyzed. For example, when measuring precision instruments, in order to improve the reliability of measurement, we need to use a microscope. If we only use conventional measuring tools, it is easy to produce errors. During the measurement, only by fully understanding the various conditions of the parts can we choose the appropriate measuring tools, improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection, and make the measurement effect continuously optimized.
3.2 Reasonable selection of inspection method
When detecting metal parts, the detection methods used are various, such as direct measurement method, indirect measurement method, contact measurement method and non-contact measurement method. These are all relative inspection methods, which need to be applied according to the actual situation in specific application, otherwise the inspection method will be difficult to play an effective role. When applying the relevant methods, it is necessary to consult the drawings first, compare and analyze the actual parts with the contents of the drawings, determine whether the materials, dimensions and quality standards used in the produced parts meet the standard requirements, and check whether the parts have defects such as pores, cracks and sand inclusions. When inspecting parts, not only the appearance of parts should be observed, but also the internal inspection should be done well to improve the reliability and accuracy of inspection. Secondly, it is necessary to detect the size of the parts. During the detection, it is necessary to select a reasonable tool to avoid errors to the maximum extent. The data information obtained from the inspection needs to be recorded in a timely and rapid manner. In this way, if there are problems in the inspection work in the later stage, it can also consult the existing data for investigation and analysis in a timely manner to avoid problems such as wrong inspection and missing inspection.
3.3 Analysis of process documents
During the production and processing of metal parts, in order to maximize the production efficiency of parts, reduce the unqualified rate of products, improve the overall quality of products, and reduce economic losses, enterprises generally make corresponding process cards, process documents, etc. based on the actual part types, and then provide guidance for the implementation of production work. The process document also includes the revision of the processing process route and the specific adjustment of formula quota. Therefore, before the quality inspection of metal parts, the inspection agency should first do a good job in interpreting the process document, so that it can fully and deeply understand the basic conditions of the production process, processing size and other aspects of the parts, and prepare for the implementation of the later inspection work. Take a part as an example, its part will be placed at B of the mechanical equipment. In order to ensure the effective application of the part, fixed slots are set at B for A and C. After the part is processed, the final application involves three positions A, B and C. But in fact, the problem at B is only concerned when the part is processed, and the other two are ignored, so the probability of problems occurring during the part processing is relatively high. Therefore, before the implementation of the inspection work, it is necessary to analyze the process documents first, clarify the key and difficult points of the part processing, and then improve the detection of the key and difficult points, so that various problems can be solved in a timely and rapid manner.
At the same time, for the inspection structure, it should formulate scientific and reasonable inspection standard requirements to ensure that the inspection technology can be highly consistent with the design datum and positioning datum of the parts when applied. During the implementation of the actual inspection work, the inspection quality and efficiency should be continuously optimized to improve the reliability of the parts. When inspecting the box, fork, frame and other parts, supervision and management must be strengthened to ensure that the inspection quality meets the standard requirements.
3.4 Analysis of drawings
Before the implementation of the quality inspection work, it is necessary to analyze the part drawing and understand the basic situation of the processing drawing, so as to accurately grasp the use and materials of the part, clarify the structure and overall shape of each component of the part, and have a certain understanding and understanding of the position of each component and the processing method, so that the later inspection work will be more smoothly implemented. At the same time, it is necessary to do a good job of part view analysis, master the shape, size and position of the part with the main view, and appropriately enlarge the partial view. In addition, it is also necessary to accurately grasp the part size, shape and position tolerance and the requirements for processing technology, and accurately grasp the key points of quality inspection to ensure the maximum effectiveness of inspection. Moreover, in order to ensure the orderly implementation of the inspection work, it is also necessary to strengthen the training of the inspection technicians to ensure that the inspectors can flexibly solve various inspection problems, improve the quality effect of the parts inspection, and achieve the inspection purpose.
4. Conclusion
The inspection of machined metal parts can quickly and timely find the defects and deficiencies in the processing of parts, reduce processing errors, reduce the waste of raw materials, and maximize the economic benefits of enterprises. In the new era, we must pay more attention to the detection work and constantly optimize the detection technology and methods to better meet the development needs of the new era.
